[Python]开箱即用

import importlib
import hello
import sys
sys.path.append('O:/py')
# 告诉解释器模块位置
# UNIX中使用绝对路径或 sys.path.expanduser('~/python')

# %%

importlib.reload(hello)

import sys
import pprint
pprint.pprint(sys.path)

import copy
import math
import pprint

# dir() 列出对象所有属性
pprint.pprint([n for n in dir(math) if not n.startswith('_')])

# %%

# 显示公共接口, 模块中__all__参数
print(copy.__all__)

# %%

# help 获取帮助, 比文档字符串更详细
help(copy)
print(copy.__doc__)


# %%

# 文档字符串
print(copy.copy.__doc__)

# %%

print(copy.__file__)

# 查看模块位置

import sys
print(sys.argv)

import os

os.startfile(r'D:\DevTools\Microsoft VS Code\Code.exe')

# %%

import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('https://www.slacr.site')

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-                              
                                                     
import fileinput                                     
for line in fileinput.input(inplace=True):           
    line = line.rstrip()                             
    num = fileinput.lineno()                       
    print('{:<50} # {:2d}'.format(line, num))     

# python ./test.py ./test.py 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

a = {1, 2, 3}
b = {2, 3, 4}

a.union(b)
a | b
a - b
a & b
a.symmetric_difference(b)

# c = {1, {1, 2}, {1, 2, 3}}
# 错误不可哈希散列, 集合元素必须可散列(不可变), 可以用元组, 或者forzenset, 即不可变的set
# a.add(b)

a.add(frozenset(b))
a
# {1, 2, 3, frozenset({2, 3, 4})}

a.add((1, 2))
a

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from heapq import *
from random import shuffle


data = list(range(10))
shuffle(data)
heap = []
for n in data:
    heappush(heap, n)

heap
heappop(heap)
heappop(heap)
heap

heapreplace(heap, 100)
heap

ls = nlargest(3, heap)
ls

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from collections import deque
q = deque(range(5))
q.append(5)
q
q.appendleft(-1)
q
q.pop()
q.popleft()
q
q.rotate(1)
q
q.rotate(-1)
q
q.extendleft([8,9])
q

# 随机抽签
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import random
import fileinput
fortunes = list(fileinput.input())
print(random.choice(fortunes))

# python .\choice.py .\nlist.csv

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


from random import randrange
from random import *
from time import *


date1 = (2016, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1)
date2 = (2017, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1)
time1 = mktime(date1)
time2 = mktime(date2)

random_time = uniform(time1, time2)
print(asctime(localtime(random_time)))

# %%

num = int(input('How many dice? '))
sides = int(input('How many sides per die? '))
sum = 0
for i in range(num):
    sum += randrange(sides) + 1
print('The result is', sum)

# %%

s = input("please input a num\n")
x = list(map(int, s))
print(x)

# 洗牌
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import random
values = list(range(1, 11)) + 'Jack Queen King'.split()
suits = 'diamonds clubs hearts spades'.split()
deck = ['{} of {}'.format(v, s) for v in values for s in suits]
random.shuffle(deck)
while deck: input(deck.pop())

# 简单数据库
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
with open("file.txt", "r") as f:
    # 执行文件操作
    # 在离开 with 代码块时，文件会自动关闭
import sys
import shelve


def store_person(db):
    pid = input('Enput unique ID: ')
    person = {}
    person['name'] = input('Enter name: ')
    person['age'] = input('Enter age: ')
    person['phone'] = input('Enter phone: ')
    db[pid] = person


def lookup_person(db):
    pid = input("Enter ID: ")
    field = input('What would you like to know?(name ,age, phone): ')
    field = field.strip().lower()
    print(field.capitalize() + ':', db[pid][field])


def print_help():
    print('The available commands are:')
    print('store : Stores information about a person')
    print('lookup : Looks up a person from ID number')
    print('quit : Save changes and exit')
    print('? : Prints this message')


def enter_command():
    cmd = input('Enter command (? for help): ')
    cmd = cmd.strip().lower()
    return cmd


def main():
    database = shelve.open('./database.dat')
    try:
        while True:
            cmd = enter_command()
            if cmd == 'store':
                store_person(database)
            elif cmd == 'lookup':
                lookup_person(database)
            elif cmd == '?':
                print_help()
            elif cmd == 'quit':
                return
    finally:
        database.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

with 上下文表达式 as 变量:
    # 执行代码块

def main():
    with shelve.open('./database.dat') as database:
        while True:
            cmd = enter_command()
            if cmd == 'store':
                store_person(database)
            elif cmd == 'lookup':
                lookup_person(database)
            elif cmd == '?':
                print_help()
            elif cmd == 'quit':
                return